Bending and Forming Performance of HARDOX 400 Steel Plate

HARDOX 400 steel plate is engineered for high wear resistance and strength, yet it also offers good bending and forming capability when appropriate procedures are followed. The material’s nominal hardness of around 400 HBW makes it tougher to form than conventional structural steel, but with proper tooling, bending radii, and process parameters, HARDOX 400 can be shaped efficiently while maintaining its mechanical properties.
One of the key considerations in forming HARDOX 400 steel plate is selecting the correct minimum bending radius. Because the steel is hard and wear-resistant, tighter bends increase the risk of surface cracking. Manufacturers typically follow recommended bending radii based on plate thickness and orientation relative to the rolling direction. Bending perpendicular to the rolling direction usually provides better results and reduces the risk of cracking.
Tooling quality also plays an important role. Using clean, polished tools prevents surface marks that could lead to stress concentration. The die opening should be appropriately sized, and uniform pressure must be applied throughout the forming process. Hydraulic presses with controlled force output are preferred over mechanical presses, as they allow smoother and more gradual bending.
While HARDOX 400 steel plate is generally formed at room temperature, slight warming—not exceeding 200°C—may be used to reduce bending force and improve formability, but overheating must be strictly avoided as it may affect hardness and wear resistance. No hot forming is recommended, as temperatures above the tempering range can alter the steel’s microstructure.
In terms of roll forming, HARDOX 400 steel plate performs well when the bending process is divided into multiple gradual steps rather than a single sharp deformation. Proper machine alignment and gradual adjustment prevent edge cracking and ensure dimensional accuracy.
Overall, HARDOX 400 steel plate provides reliable bending and forming performance when handled with controlled techniques and suitable tooling. By following recommended radii and ensuring stable processing conditions, manufacturers can achieve precise shapes while maintaining the steel’s high wear resistance and structural integrity.